Well - Being and Objectivity
نویسنده
چکیده
THE QUESTION TO BE ASKED in this paper is the following: is there an objective element of well-being, completely independent of anyone’s desires, interests and preferences? Some authors claim that belief in the existence of such an element figures prominently in our moral practices. For instance, Scanlon (1975, p. 658) writes the following: “it seems clear that the criteria of well-being that we actually employ in naming moral judgments are objective”. Further, he suggests that in the case of duties of mutual aid the strength of a stranger’s claim on us depends not on the strength of his desires and preferences, but on the urgency of his needs. In such scenarios, ‘preference’ is taken to represent the subjective aspect of one’s interests, whereas ‘urgency’ is supposed to stand for its objective aspect.
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